[WSMDiscuss] ah, but what about counting "natural capital"? Re: "The financialization of the world" : Vandana Shiva on 'natural asset companies' (NACs)

[Patrick Bond]

On 10/6/2022 4:15 PM, Brian wrote:
 > This is an important discussion with Vandana Shiva about 'natural 
asset companies' (NACs) — a lucid and essential read.
 >   ~ Brian

Great analysis from Vandana, as ever... but to complicate the 
methodology, if one completely rejects the idea that natural resources 
have a value (and even a 'price'), then the risk is that by NOT counting 
natural capital depletion, the areas victimised by extrativism are 
implicitly forgiving "ecological debt" (and 'unequal ecological exchange 
<https://cadtm.org/Unequal-ecological-exchange-worsens-across-time-and-space-creating-growing>') 
simply because they do not enumerate such 'loss and damage.'

The leading forces within African CJ activism are doing this sort of 
damage assessment right now, and making demands to imperialist and 
sub-imperialist climate negotiators for next month's Conference of the 
Polluters. (One example 
<https://www.counterpunch.org/2022/05/20/who-dropped-the-rain-bomb-on-durban-last-month-and-will-they-pay-climate-reparations/> 
is what we witnessed in Durban with two rain bombs in April-May.)

If we aren't counting the impact of impi/sub-impi pollution on natural 
damage or resource depletion in principle, then /how do we demand 
reparations?/

That's why, when Vandana discussed this eight years ago at a University 
of Pretoria conference, she agreed on the merits of using natural 
capital accounting as a way to STOP extractivism:

    /To be sure, there is a danger that natural capital accounting will
    become, instead, a ‘fee’ for pollution; the damage continues, but
    with an ongoing payment. The strategy known as ‘Payment for
    Ecosystem Services’, promoted by the more neoliberal of ‘green
    economy’ advocates, represents this sort of parallel danger:
    commodifying the environment. An example of an unworkable
    ‘neoliberalised nature’ strategy to address climate change is carbon
    trading, yet South African Treasury bureaucrats last month endorsed
    a policy move in that direction – which climate justice activists
    are opposing.//The distinction between counting for damage control
    (a fine and ban) and counting for market-making (a fee) should be
    made. As Shiva put it last week, ‘We should use natural capital as a
    red light to destruction, not as a green light.’ /

See attached, which was part of the deliberations in a successful court 
case decided a month ago when we tried to counter the enemies' claims 
that a new Shell/Impact offshore gas drill would create jobs, income, etc...

Cheers,

Patrick

***

*Can ‘natural capital accounting’ come of age in Africa?*

/(Triple Crisis, /June-July 2014)

In early June, a University of Pretoria conference at the Governance 
Innovation Centre <http://www.governanceinnovation.org/>, keynoted by 
Indian eco-feminist Vandana Shiva, contemplated how to go ‘beyond GDP’. 
The current system of economic bean-counting is terribly inappropriate 
for a continent ‘rising’ in rhetoric but, in reality, being looted at a 
breakneck pace.

As the Pretoria host, Prof Lorenzo Fioramonti 
<http://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/140002-nigeria-vs-south-africa-in-flawed-gdp-battle-by-lorenzo-fioramonti.html>, 
author of the 2012 book /Gross Domestic Problem, /explained, “Gross 
Domestic Product focuses exclusively on market activities –that is, 
present income and production flow – whereas alternative measures of 
inclusive wealth highlight the importance of stocks of assets and their 
changes over time. The politics of GDP makes countries blind by 
rewarding short-term consumption and wholesale exploitation of natural 
assets at the expense of social justice and sustainability.”

The head-in-sand, ostrich-mimicking economists and financial journalists 
who use GDP without correction probably aren’t even aware that the 
figure does not include resource depletion, unpaid women’s and community 
work, pollution, loss of farmland and wetlands, family breakdown and 
crime. There are many substitutes for GDP, and one – the ‘Genuine 
Progress Indicator’ – shows a substantial decline in world welfare, from 
around $36 trillion to less than $10 trillion in 2005, once these 
corrections are made.

*World corrections to Gross Domestic Product (GDP)*

Source: Rethinking Progress

Africa is hardest hit by two of these corrections – resource depletion 
and white collar crime – and so any fantasy of ‘Africa Rising’ must be 
completely rethought once we recalculate. Regarding crime, as University 
of Massachusetts economist Leonce Ndikumana 
<http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2014/04/11/finance-experts-meet-to-end-capital-flight/>has 
shown, more than US$1.7 trillion was looted from Africa through Illicit 
Financial Flows (IFF) not tracked through GDP from 1970-2010.

According to Simon Mevel/, /Siope Ofa and//Stephen Karingi 
<http://www.afdb.org/en/aec/papers/paper/quantifying-illicit-financial-flows-from-africa-through-trade-mis-pricing-and-assessing-their-incidence-on-african-economies-945/>//from 
the UN Economic Commission on Africa, IFF includes “1) Corruption, which 
is the proceeds from theft and bribery by government officials; 2) 
Proceeds from criminal activities, including drug trading, racketeering, 
counterfeiting, contraband, and terrorist financing; 3) Proceeds from 
commercial tax evasion mainly through trade mis-pricing and laundered 
commercial transactions by MultiNational Corporations (MNCs).” As they 
concede, the problem is getting worse, with trade mispricing alone 
rising from less than $30 billion a year before 2006 to more than double 
that level in the subsequent four years.

The NGO Global Financial Integrity 
<http://www.gfintegrity.org/issue/illicit-financial-flows/>lists five 
African countries as having lost the most to IFFs during the period 
1970-2008:

1 Nigeria $217.7 bn

2 Egypt $105.2 bn

3 South Africa $81.8 bn

4 Morocco $33.9 bn

5 Angola $29.5 bn

Here in South Africa, misinvoicing has become a major national 
controversy. Dr Dick Forslund, a Swedish economist based at Cape Town’s 
Alternative Information and Development Centre 
<http://aidc.org.za/programmes/political-economy/political-economic-debates/64-platinum-companies-are-under-selling-metals-aidc.html>, 
recently questioned how the big MNC mining houses could fail to get 
market-related prices during international platinum sales, which in turn 
meant they were underpaying their own books by at least $1.5 billion 
over the last decade.

The firms denied it, and as if on cue, African National Congress general 
secretary Gwede Mantashe 
<http://thenewage.co.za/127730-1009-53-Platinum_strike_political>immediately 
launched a paranoid attack on Forslund, who was assisting the 
Association of Mineworkers and Construction Unions (Amcu): “The 
articulation of the Amcu position by white foreign nationals signals the 
interest of these foreign forces in the destabilisation of our economy.”

Mantashe did not mention ANC deputy president Cyril Ramaphosa 
<http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2013-10-24-marikana-massacre-ramaphosas-statement-revisited/#.U5abbSjQ50c>, 
for many years a 9% shareholder and board member of Lonmin, the London 
firm once run by Tiny Rowland, who was ‘the unacceptable face of 
capitalism’ according to then Tory prime minister Edward Heath 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiny_Rowland>in 1973. Lonmin’s Marikana 
platinum operations became infamous in August 2012, because of what 
appears now as a pre-meditated massacre that took place the day after 
Ramaphosa sent emails to the police and mining minister upgrading a 
labour dispute to ‘dastardly criminal’. The police shot 34 dead, many 
execution style.

In the same spirit, Pretoria’s diamond valuators have winked and nodded 
while DeBeers apparently mispriced US$2.83 billion 
<http://thestudyofvalue.org/2014/05/15/new-lcsv-working-paper-explores>from 
2004-12, according to /Africa Report /columnists Sarah Bracking and 
Khadija Sharife.

These are just some of the reasons why in the country that 
PricewaterhouseCoopers recently reported was the world’s worst case of 
corporate fraud 
<http://www.timeslive.co.za/thetimes/2014/02/19/world-fraud-champs>, 
South Africa, ‘natural capital’ should be carefully counted. Otherwise, 
the mining and oil MNCs will loot us blind.

Two years ago, theGaborone Declaration on Natural Capital Accounting 
<http://www.gaboronedeclaration.com/>was endorsed by ten African 
governments: Botswana, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, 
Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa and Tanzania. The reason: GDP has 
‘limitations as a measure of well-being and sustainable growth.’ 
Instead, natural capital should from now on be included in ‘national 
accounting and corporate planning.’

Even though the World Bank has traditionally lined up in favour of 
corporate looting of Africa via its ‘export-led growth’ strategies and 
dogmatic philosophy of economic deregulation, several Bank staff in the 
‘Wealth Accounting and the Valuation of Ecosystem Services 
<https://www.wavespartnership.org/en>’ group played a major role in the 
Gaborone Declaration. Their view of ‘adjusted net savings’ as an 
alternative to GDP is instructive.

There are four steps to understanding changes in wealth. Total savings 
should be discounted first for wear and tear on fixed capital (-); 
second for ‘human capital’ investment in education (+); third for 
natural resource depletion (-); and fourth for pollution (-). For Africa 
as a whole, these four corrections pushed the rate at which wealth 
accumulated in 2008 from 17% of national income, down to -7%, mostly 
because of resource depletion, according to the Bank’s /The Changing 
Wealth of Nations/. 
<http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/wealth-of-nations>

To take one example, Zambia, the savings rate of 26% should be 
discounted for wear and tear on machines worth 11% of national income; 
while education spending adds 2%; depletion of copper subtracts 20%; and 
pollution subtracts another 1%. In a given year, that leaves a typical 
Zambian 3% poorer on December 31 than when she woke up on the prior 
January 1. To take another example, in relatively more industrialised 
South Africa, the depletion of minerals costs the country 9% of its 
gross national income and as a result, the net decline in the average 
South Africans wealth after a typical year is $245.

Why do these depressing counting exercises? One reason is to make the 
case for ‘ecological debt’ in courts of law. For example, of Nigeria’s 
recent $11.5 billion claim 
<http://shipsandports.com.ng/bonga-spill-fg-slams-11-5billion-fine-on-shell/>against 
Shell for a 2011 oil spill, more than half is meant to compensate 
fisherfolk. The liability owed to silicosis-afflicted mineworker victims 
of Anglo American 
<http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2013-09-25-the-floodgates-open-anglo-american-settles-mineworkers-silicosis-claims/#.U5aUtCjQ50c>and 
other gold mining houses may reach $900 million. Gencor and Cape PLC 
<http://www.business-humanrights.org/Categories/Lawlawsuits/Lawsuitsregulatoryaction/LawsuitsSelectedcases/CapeGencorlawsuitsreSoAfrica>had 
to pay £45.5 million a decade ago to settle South African asbestos 
lawsuits after they lost their last appeal in the UK House of Lords.

Similar arguments should be made against the MNCs most responsible for 
what the UN calls ‘loss and damage’ due to climate change. Or against 
companies like Lonmin that remove Africa’s natural resources, corrupt 
its governments, despoil the landscape, wreck workers’ health, establish 
untenable social relations such as the migrant labour system, and return 
a pittance to South Africa.

Ideally, over time, this strategy would develop as ‘fine-and-ban’, so 
that as a corporation makes an egregious error, it is fined punitively 
for the damage done, and then sent packing. Fatally damaging processes 
such as asbestos mining should then be consigned to the dustbin of 
history, and indeed in that case, that lawsuit bankrupted Cape PLC.

To be sure, there is a danger that natural capital accounting will 
become, instead, a ‘fee’ for pollution; the damage continues, but with 
an ongoing payment. The strategy known as ‘Payment for Ecosystem 
Services’, promoted by the more neoliberal of ‘green economy’ advocates, 
represents this sort of parallel danger: commodifying the environment. 
An example of an unworkable ‘neoliberalised nature’ strategy to address 
climate change is carbon trading 
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYi78LaY8u4>, yet South African 
Treasury bureaucrats last month endorsed a policy move in that direction 
– which climate justice activists are opposing.

The distinction between counting for damage control (a fine and ban) and 
counting for market-making (a fee) should be made. As Shiva put it last 
week, ‘We should use natural capital as a red light to destruction, not 
as a green light.’

To that end, there is a much stronger ecological, political and moral 
case yet to be made based on Africa’s declining natural capital 
accounts. Thanks to various kinds of Resource Curses, Africa is like a 
household whose drunken nephew finds the key to the cabinet that holds 
the family silver (natural capital), at which point he loots the 
valuables, sells them at a fraction of their worth to a sleazy foreign 
buyer, buys booze, drinks away the proceeds and then pisses all over the 
floor back home.

By counting the natural capital outflow and related illicit financial 
flows, at least the family is in a position to learn about, and 
hopefully halt, the looting – even if that means putting the nephew into 
a treatment centre. The equivalent act for a responsible society in 
Africa, while these Resource Curses persist, is to leave the minerals 
and petroleum in the soil – at least /until the continent’s wealth is no 
longer the cause of its systematic poverty./

useful Africa


> */____________/*
> *//*
>
>     */Natural asset companies/NSACs have been invented "to convert
>     natural assets into financial capital": “It’s the final step of
>     the financialisation of the world… it will mean the debt crisis
>     will be used as a takeover of the real resources and the real
>     wealth – land, forests, rivers, biodiversity,” /*
>
>     *//*
>
> https://empirediaries.com/2022/10/02/vandana-shiva-on-natural-asset-companies/ 
> <https://empirediaries.com/2022/10/02/vandana-shiva-on-natural-asset-companies/>
>>
>>
>>   ‘Final Step Of The Financialisation Of The World,’ Says Vandana
>>   Shiva On Natural Asset Companies
>>
>> /Seed warrior and ecofeminist, Dr. Vandana Shiva, at the India 
>> International Centre in New Delhi during the Bhoomi Festival 
>> conducted by Navdanya on October 1, 2022 (EmpireDiaries.com 
>> <http://empirediaries.com/>)/
>>
>> Ratna <https://empirediaries.com/about/> and Nadim 
>> <https://empirediaries.com/about/> EmpireDiaries.com 
>> <https://empirediaries.com/>
>>
>> *New Delhi, October 2, 2022:* Slowly, surely, and silently during the 
>> last few years, Wall Street hawks and their global allies have been 
>> plotting an unprecedented move – to capture the whole of nature and 
>> put it on sale.
>>
>> That imperialist blueprint is ready. A new type of corporations 
>> called NACs or /natural asset companies/, are being created to carry 
>> out the takeover of nature.
>>
>> Using these NACs, the imperialists want to colonise and own all of 
>> the world’s biodiversity and farmland, brand them as ‘natural 
>> assets’, turn them into commodities by stamping price tags, sell them 
>> off to powerful buyers, and monetise on a scale never seen or imagined.
>>
>> People who’ve lived on those lands, and off them, for generations 
>> would no longer have any rights to them. Only the new-born natural 
>> asset companies/NACs can exclusively own the commodified farmlands, 
>> forests, water bodies, reefs, wetlands, etc.
>>
>> The privately-controlled NACs are being created by the New York Stock 
>> Exchange (NYSE) and the Intrinsic Exchange Group (IEG). The land grab 
>> project is funded <https://www.intrinsicexchange.com/> by the 
>> Rockefeller Foundation, IDB (Inter-American Development Bank), and 
>> Aberdare Ventures.
>>
>> *WHAT’S AT STAKE? $4,000 TRILLION*
>>
>> Seed warrior and anti-imperialism naturalist, Dr. Vandana Shiva, is 
>> alarmed at the coming commodification of entire nature for profit. 
>> “It’s the /final step/ of the financialisation of the world… 
>> Financialisation through the new model of financial asset companies, 
>> which is aiming at 4,000 trillion dollars, will mean the debt crisis 
>> will be used as a takeover of the real resources and the real wealth 
>> – land, forests, rivers, biodiversity,” Dr. Shiva told /Empire 
>> Diaries <https://empirediaries.com/>/ during the Bhoomi Festival 
>> hosted by the Indian International Centre in New Delhi and organised 
>> by Navdanya, a farmer rights and biodiversity conservation group.
>>
>> Dr. Shiva, who spent decades saving India from patent imperialism, 
>> fears that NACs, once rolled out successfully, will use local 
>> governments and local agents to uproot the bottom billion from 
>> biodiversity and farmlands.
>>
>> “It’ll mean total poverty and deprivation for the people who’ve taken 
>> care of these resources. That’s because, sadly, most governments are 
>> indebted [financially, to the outside world]. Most governments are 
>> seeking credit where it can come from. So, they /will/ be falling 
>> into the trap,” she said.
>>
>> “Therefore, sovereignty over our land, sovereignty over our seeds, 
>> sovereignty over our food, sovereignty over our water have become 
>> vital. Not just as systems of democracy and freedom, but as systems 
>> of sustenance and staying alive.”
>>
>> *LOUD AND CLEAR HINTS*
>>
>> The Wall Street imperialists’ agenda is evident from the audacious 
>> style in whichnatural asset companies are described on the websites 
>> of the New York Stock Exchange and the Intrinsic Exchange Group.
>>
>> Here’s what the New York Stock Exchange says on its website 
>> <https://www.nyse.com/introducing-natural-asset-companies>:
>>
>> /“The NAC is a transformational solution whereby natural ecosystems 
>> are not simply a potential resource to extract, but *an investible 
>> productive asset *which provides financial capital to responsible 
>> stewards of ecological resources. As a publicly traded equity, NACs 
>> will enable investors to allocate capital efficiently to meet their 
>> sustainability objectives…/
>>
>> /To convert natural assets into financial capital, IEG has developed 
>> an accounting framework to measure ecological performance. Natural 
>> assets produce an estimated $125 trillion annually in global 
>> ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration, biodiversity and 
>> clean water.”/
>>
>> While the NACs are defined here in sugar-coated language, the New 
>> York Stock Exchange’s website has given us enough hints of an 
>> imperialist agenda to profiteer from nature. Notice phrases such as: 
>> ‘investible productive asset’, ‘financial capital’, ‘publicly traded 
>> equity’, ‘investors to allocate capital’, ‘accounting framework’, 
>> ‘measure ecological performance’, and ‘natural assets’.
>>
>> The New York Stock Exchange’s website also tells us precisely what is 
>> being targeted in the imperialist swoop:
>>
>>     /“Examples of natural assets that could benefit from the NAC
>>     structure include natural landscapes such as forests, wetlands
>>     and coral reefs, as well as working lands such as farms.”/
>>
>> *HOW NACs WILL WORK*
>>
>> Dr. Shiva shed light on the modus operandi of the coming land grab by 
>> natural asset companies.
>>
>> “In a globally integrated world, they (the new imperialists) don’t 
>> need local companies. What they will have are servicing agents. Just 
>> as much as the existing financial world has involved most of the 
>> bright minds of India. They’re working for the banks and investment 
>> companies,” she said.
>>
>> “So, what they will do is spread their tentacles of new slavery – 
>> through government systems, through new structural adjustment 
>> programmes, and through new climate conditionalities.”
>>
>> *MISUSE OF CLIMATE CRISIS*
>>
>> The activist, firebrand orator, and ecofeminist, who inspires women 
>> around the world to resist farmland imperialism, fears the climate 
>> crisis will be hijacked and misused by NACs to push their hidden agenda.
>>
>> “Climate change is something to which I dedicated such a long time of 
>> my life, and I’ve written about it in my book /Soil Not Oil/. Sadly, 
>> climate change will be the means and mechanism through which the 
>> financialisation of land, of biodiversity, of water will take place,” 
>> Dr. Shiva said, underlining the trend of empires capitalising on 
>> crises to colonise land.
>>
>> So, is it a cold-blooded imperialist plan to use the climate 
>> emergency and launch NACs?
>>
>> “Well, one would not have imagined that. It’s just that in the last 
>> year, Bill Gates came out with his book /How To Avoid A Climate 
>> Disaster/ where everything is written clearly – such as net zero,” 
>> she said, pointing to last year’s heightened concerns about climate 
>> action.
>>
>> *THE NET ZERO FRAUD*
>>
>> Dr. Shiva trashed the concept of net zero, suggesting that it’s mere 
>> gimmickry because it doesn’t actually advocate stopping CO2 
>> emissions. “Net zero just means getting someone else’s land for 
>> carbon sequestering, carbon sinks, and carbon offsetting,” she explained.
>>
>> By applying the net zero rule, major corporations with giant carbon 
>> footprint “can destroy a primary forest and offset it by a little 
>> park somewhere else that they’ll plant. This idea of offsets has 
>> emerged very fast last year, but it’s very clear that big schemes 
>> like this don’t get born in a year, they’ve only emerged last year”.
>>
>> *HIDDEN AGENDA BEHIND FOOD CRISIS*
>>
>> Dr. Shiva fears there’s a hidden agenda behind the alarmist narrative 
>> surrounding the ongoing global food crisis.
>>
>> The popular paid media outlets are repeatedly telling the world that 
>> the Russian invasion of eastern Ukraine caused the worldwide food 
>> crisis. But Navdanya International recently came out with a scathing 
>> report 
>> <https://navdanyainternational.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/SOWING-HUNGER-REAPING-PROFITS-REPORT-d2.pdf>, 
>> explaining the untold root cause of the crisis.
>>
>> “What is crucially being overlooked by most diagnoses of the current 
>> food crisis is how the problem does not lie in a lack of supply, or 
>> lack of market integration, but instead in how the food system is 
>> /structured around power/,” the report observes.
>>
>> “The main agenda is to take total control over food, and replace real 
>> food with fake food and lab food,” Dr. Shiva warned. “As their slogan 
>> is – /farming without farmers and food without farms/.”
>>
>> *NEW NARRATIVE, OLD LIE*
>>
>> She compared the current discourse about a food supply crisis with a 
>> similar manufactured narrative during the 1960s that saw the 
>> imperialist imposition of the so-called ‘green revolution’ in India.
>>
>> “The green revolution was introduced during a year of drought, but it 
>> was presented as a year of famine when nobody had died. I was old 
>> enough to know that. Prices of wheat had increased, but there was no 
>> famine in India. That’s the narrative that the green revolution told 
>> to introduce chemicals [into Indian farming practices],” she said.
>>
>> The narrative of hunger – that there’s more hunger than last year – 
>> is hiding the real causes of global hunger, she feels.
>>
>>     “Today, why is an abundant land like Africa hungry? Firstly,
>>     they’ve been made dependent on imports. Secondly, they’ve been
>>     prevented from growing their own food and have food sovereignty…
>>     The scarcity is part of the past injustice. And the new scarcity
>>     is because of the new injustice of the financial world having
>>     entered food.”
>>
>> *2008 CRASH, THE TURNING POINT*
>>
>> So, precisely when did the opportunistic globalists start plotting 
>> the takeover of nature and food?
>>
>> “They did it in 2008, with the Wall Street collapse. That’s when the 
>> financial world said: ‘Buildings are not secure enough. But everyone 
>> will always need land and food. And if we enter this business, we 
>> will never lose,’” she said.
>>
>> Dr. Shiva, who has written multiple books on the corporate agenda to 
>> turn agriculture into agribusiness, believes the worst thing to 
>> happen to the food industry is the arrival of financial interest groups.
>>
>> “Financial companies have entered the food business. This year’s food 
>> price increase is 87% because of financialisation and financial 
>> speculation,” she said. “So, if we project into the 
>> 4,000-trillion-dollar economy sought through natural asset companies, 
>> [we can see] the integration of chemicals, biotechnology, 
>> informational technology, and the financial world, what they call 
>> fintech.”
>>
>> *THE FRAUD OF ‘TECH’*
>>
>> Slamming the crafty use of the so-called progressive term ‘tech’ as a 
>> means of colonial takeover, Dr. Shiva said, “Ag-tech, fin-tech, 
>> bio-tech – all of this with the attachment of the word ‘tech’ is the 
>> big takeover of the food system.”
>>
>> Dr. Shiva lamented that society slipped from the simplistic days of 
>> barter to the complex financialisation of nature and food systems. 
>> She slammed destructive episodes in recent history, such as the 
>> British stealing $45 trillion from India, and the birth of the World 
>> Bank and the IMF, which she says were “created to continue the 
>> colonial experiment. For every dollar they lent, they generated three 
>> dollars of business for themselves”.
>>
>> “That’s why, for me, Navdanya is so important,” said the 
>> scientist-environmentalist. “It’s what keeps reality alive. It’s what 
>> keeps hopes alive. It shows that every time a scare is created, there 
>> are women who say they’ll never give up our farming, they’ll never 
>> give up their food.
>>
>> “About 35 years ago, I started saving seeds and created community 
>> seed banks. We now need seed banks of knowing how to live without the 
>> financial slavery, knowing how to live without the seed slavery of 
>> the Monsantos and the Bayers, and without the new food slavery that 
>> Mr Gates would like to create.”
>>
>> /**/
>>
> _________
>>
>> /*REPUBLISH! Feel free to repost this article on the following terms: 
>> (1) Use the writers’ bylines at the start, (2) Hyperlink this post, 
>> (3) Mention our website EmpireDiaries.com 
>> <https://empirediaries.com/> with a hyperlink.*/
>>
> _______________
>
> /Blog: https://murphyslog.ca
> Twitter:  @BrianKMurphy2
> /
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
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